On the line:
1. What did the bunkhouse look like?
a. Tall building, triangle windows
b. Rusty building, no windows
c. Long, Rectangle building
d. Pretty white house
2. Where did the story take place in the beginning of the story? (Setting)
a. Philly
b. Miami
c. Weed
d. New York City
3. How many miles was the ranch from the bus stop according to the bus driver?
a. 10 miles
b. 2 miles
c. 5, 280 miles
d. 5 miles
4. Who kept talking for one another, when the boss was talking?
a. Kaleema
b. George
c. Lennie
d. Your mom
5. Whats one of the rules that a guy working at a ranch don’t do?
e. Ask questions and watch TV
f. Run up and down the ranch
g. Ask questions
h. Don’t do anything
6. Who wore blue jeans trousers, flannel black shirt, unbuttoned vest, and a black
Coat?
a. Lennie
b. Boss
c. Stable buck
d. George
7. Who did George tell Lennie to stay away from
a. Stable buck
b. Curley’s wife
c. George
d. Curley
Between the line:
Motif:
1. Why do the boss think its weird wit two guys traveling with each other?
Slim is a little confused about George and Lennie traveling together. He thinks its weird with two guys traveling together because Lennie is funny like a cuckoo, and George is very smart, and when guys come for a job they come in get a bunk, work for a month, then the quit, and go out alone. George and Lennie are just so close because they grew up together, and they went so far to go outside their country to find a job and their not going to leave one another in the wilderness. By the end of the book slim has become as close to them as they were to each other.
Character:
2. What’s some of the reasons why George hangs out with Lennie?
George hangs out with Lennie for three reasons protection, companionship, and because there friends. Lennie has the state of mind of a 5 year-old child and he has memory problems so George is his other half and he protects him from anyone that wants to harm him, Lennie don’t like to be bored because if he don’t keep himself occupied he’ll get into some trouble so that’s why George is there for him, and their like brothers from another mother. George also hangs out with Lennie because he said Lennie is so dumb, and he couldn't’t take care of himself, and it makes him feel smarter. So, all he loves to do is make fun of Lennie in front of everybody, but deep down inside George really loves him, but he just uses Lennie as his amusement.
Conflict:
3. Why does George want Lennie to stay away from Curley’s wife?
George wants Lennie to stay away from Curley’s wife because candy said that she’s a loose woman, a rattrap and she always giving people the eye. Plus, they already ran into Curley and realized what a jerk he is, and they don’t want to run into any problems with him because he is the boss son and they don’t want to be without a job. In addition, they left weed because Lennie touched a girls dress cause the fabric of her dress was soft and he likes to feel on things. So, the girl went and told these guys and they came looking for them, and if they would’ve caught them they’d probably lynched them. Curley’s wife is nothing but trouble!
Symbols:
4. Why are mice so important to Lennie?
Well, from the looks of it their important because when he was young his Aunt Clara used to give it to him, he loves animals, and he likes to feel soft things. Mice are an important part in Lennie life because to him they symbolize his dreams of living in a farm and tending to rabbits, also he loves his aunt and she past away when he was young and the mice helps him remember her because he has memory problems. Lennie just loves animals because there skin feels soft and they make him happy.
Theme:
What do you think the theme of this book could be?
One of the themes of the novel Of Mice and Men can be “Your friends is your biggest enemy”. George and Lennie care about each other a lot because if they weren’t so close, then George would’ve never left weed if he didn’t really care about Lennie because he could’ve stayed and told Lennie to fin for himself, but he didn’t. In addition, George is also a slimy friend because Lennie accidentally killed Curley’s wife and everyone found out that Lennie did it because he left evidence. Some of the major rules at the ranch is not asking questions, everyone sticks together, and if someone is murder, then the murderer must be killed. In conclusion, George killed Lennie because he didn’t want the guys at the ranch to kill him, and he started telling Lennie about their dreams and shot him in the back of his head. Lennie was betrayed because he thought George was always going to have his back no matter what because that’s what he told him.
Beyond the line:
Would you rather have Lennie or George as a friend?
Thursday, April 30, 2009
Monday, April 20, 2009
Personality Reveiw
Guardians (SJs)
Extreme dislike of conflict and criticism
Have difficulty accepting negative things about people close to them
Conflicts w/Rationalist and idealist
Symbol- Epimetheus
Career possibilities- Social Service & Education field
Artisans (SPs)
• Performers
• Compatible w/Guardians
• Make up 30% to 35% of population
• Famous face: Michael Jordan
• That doing things that aren’t fun & exciting is a waste of time
Idealist (NFs)
• Enthusiastic & yearn for romance
• Sure that Friendly cooperation is the best way for people to achieve their goals
• Inspirational leaders
• Make up 15% to 20% of population
• Famous face: Oprah Winfrey
Rationals (NTs)
o Focused on problem-solving & system analysis
o Make up 5% to 10% of population
o Impatient & don’t take criticism well
o Famous face: Thomas Jefferson
o Drive to unlock secrets & new technologies to shape the world
Extroverts VS Introverts
Extroverts Introverts
• Happier at the center of attention Inward focus
• Self-confident Rather work individually
• Outgoing Creative
• Naturally responsive w/people Sensitive
• Caring Caring
What did you learn about yourself from this project? What did you learn about others?
I learned a lot about myself from this project like actually read a lot about myself because as I sit back, my personality trait falls under the category of guardian, which I never really realized that’s what I would come up under. I do care about people a lot and sometimes I can find myself doing things for others before I do for myself. Some of the things I found out about people were shocking because the loudest and hype person would actually fall under a guardian because I would at least expect that person to fall under a rational, which is a person who does their own thing.
In schooling, should students be grouped homogeneously (same personality, backgrounds, skills) or heterogeneously (different personalities, abilities, cultures)? Why?
Students should not be grouped heterogeneously because they can experience more and learn things about different people around them, like personalities, and etc. I learned a lot about people I hang around everyday when we took the personality test because as I sit back and learned about different characteristics of my friends, them we read them and it really characterize them. So, in a homogeneously group you won’t learn experience different things in life.
Extreme dislike of conflict and criticism
Have difficulty accepting negative things about people close to them
Conflicts w/Rationalist and idealist
Symbol- Epimetheus
Career possibilities- Social Service & Education field
Artisans (SPs)
• Performers
• Compatible w/Guardians
• Make up 30% to 35% of population
• Famous face: Michael Jordan
• That doing things that aren’t fun & exciting is a waste of time
Idealist (NFs)
• Enthusiastic & yearn for romance
• Sure that Friendly cooperation is the best way for people to achieve their goals
• Inspirational leaders
• Make up 15% to 20% of population
• Famous face: Oprah Winfrey
Rationals (NTs)
o Focused on problem-solving & system analysis
o Make up 5% to 10% of population
o Impatient & don’t take criticism well
o Famous face: Thomas Jefferson
o Drive to unlock secrets & new technologies to shape the world
Extroverts VS Introverts
Extroverts Introverts
• Happier at the center of attention Inward focus
• Self-confident Rather work individually
• Outgoing Creative
• Naturally responsive w/people Sensitive
• Caring Caring
What did you learn about yourself from this project? What did you learn about others?
I learned a lot about myself from this project like actually read a lot about myself because as I sit back, my personality trait falls under the category of guardian, which I never really realized that’s what I would come up under. I do care about people a lot and sometimes I can find myself doing things for others before I do for myself. Some of the things I found out about people were shocking because the loudest and hype person would actually fall under a guardian because I would at least expect that person to fall under a rational, which is a person who does their own thing.
In schooling, should students be grouped homogeneously (same personality, backgrounds, skills) or heterogeneously (different personalities, abilities, cultures)? Why?
Students should not be grouped heterogeneously because they can experience more and learn things about different people around them, like personalities, and etc. I learned a lot about people I hang around everyday when we took the personality test because as I sit back and learned about different characteristics of my friends, them we read them and it really characterize them. So, in a homogeneously group you won’t learn experience different things in life.
Friday, April 17, 2009
Friday, March 20, 2009
Do Constitution High School have Cliques???
Cliques
Remember the movie “Mean Girl” when Janis Ian is giving Cady a tour of the school he introduces her to all the cliques.
“Now, where you sit in the cafeteria is crucial
Because you got everybody there.
You got your freshmen,
ROTC guys,
Preps, JV jocks,
Asian nerds,
Cool Asians,
Varsity jocks,
Unfriendly black hotties,
Girls who eat their feelings,
Girls who don't eat anything,
Desperate wannabes,
Burnouts,
Sexually active band geeks,
The greatest people
You will ever meet
And the worst.
Beware of The Plastics.”
Hollywood has produced a long list of movies that deal with cliques…Who remembers mean girls, Buffy the Vampire, Heathers, Saved, Sky High, 10 Things I Hate About You, My Favorite, and etc.
I've talked to many of Constitution High School students, and it turns out that cliques are groups of friends, but not all friends are cliques. The thing that makes a group a clique is that they leave some people out on purpose. Usually one or two popular people control who gets to be in the clique and who gets left out. People may act much differently than they did before they were apart of a clique.
Why Do People Join Cliques?
Graduating class of 2011 Brittany Davis said, “People join cliques sometimes act differently than they would outside the group. They often go along with what others are doing, even though they know it’s not right or if it means loosing a close friend. They might feel bad about it, but they can't figure out how to be cool and still be nice to people whose not in the clique.”
Cliques in Constitution High School
So, do we have cliques at constitution high school? Ninth and tenth grade English teacher Mr. Romero said, “yes, we have cliques in this school, its unavoidable. They are not biracial, grade level, nor ethnicity. Cliques are liked minded people, brought together by fashion, music, and teen interest.”
Some students at Constitution High School said, “People join cliques because one of the hard things about cliques is if a person who was your friend joins a clique and starts treating you differently. Sometimes the problem starts with a argument between the two friends, but other times you can find yourself on the outside of a clique even if nothing happened.”
Remember the movie “Mean Girl” when Janis Ian is giving Cady a tour of the school he introduces her to all the cliques.
“Now, where you sit in the cafeteria is crucial
Because you got everybody there.
You got your freshmen,
ROTC guys,
Preps, JV jocks,
Asian nerds,
Cool Asians,
Varsity jocks,
Unfriendly black hotties,
Girls who eat their feelings,
Girls who don't eat anything,
Desperate wannabes,
Burnouts,
Sexually active band geeks,
The greatest people
You will ever meet
And the worst.
Beware of The Plastics.”
Hollywood has produced a long list of movies that deal with cliques…Who remembers mean girls, Buffy the Vampire, Heathers, Saved, Sky High, 10 Things I Hate About You, My Favorite, and etc.
I've talked to many of Constitution High School students, and it turns out that cliques are groups of friends, but not all friends are cliques. The thing that makes a group a clique is that they leave some people out on purpose. Usually one or two popular people control who gets to be in the clique and who gets left out. People may act much differently than they did before they were apart of a clique.
Why Do People Join Cliques?
Graduating class of 2011 Brittany Davis said, “People join cliques sometimes act differently than they would outside the group. They often go along with what others are doing, even though they know it’s not right or if it means loosing a close friend. They might feel bad about it, but they can't figure out how to be cool and still be nice to people whose not in the clique.”
Cliques in Constitution High School
So, do we have cliques at constitution high school? Ninth and tenth grade English teacher Mr. Romero said, “yes, we have cliques in this school, its unavoidable. They are not biracial, grade level, nor ethnicity. Cliques are liked minded people, brought together by fashion, music, and teen interest.”
Some students at Constitution High School said, “People join cliques because one of the hard things about cliques is if a person who was your friend joins a clique and starts treating you differently. Sometimes the problem starts with a argument between the two friends, but other times you can find yourself on the outside of a clique even if nothing happened.”
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
POEM: "COMPLETE HAPPINESS"
A FATHER AND CHILDREN SITTING IN THE SUN.
HAPPILY AS CAN BE
PROUD THAT THEY HAVE A FATHER THAT THEY CAN SEE
BY THE FACES OF THE FAMILY YOU CAN SEE THEY ARE PROUD
THEY ARE LIKE PLANES JUST SITTING HIGH UP ON A CLOUD.
NO ONE KNOW IF THAT IS THERE FATHER OR A CLOSE FRIEND
BUT FROM THE LOOKS OF IT THEIR SMILES WILL NEVER END.
MAYBE THEY HAVE NO MOTHER AND THE YOUNG MAN IS FULFILLING THEIR LIVES.
AS LONG AS THEIR FACES ARE HAPPY WITHOUT CRIES
MAYBE THEIR MOTHER WAS GONE SO LONG THAT THEY CAN'T DISCOVER
MAYBE,THERES NO MAYBE, ALL THAT MATTERS IS THERE IS A MAN THERE ON A SILVER PLATTER
A CHANGE OF PLANS
THESE CHILDREN ARE HAPPY THATS ALL THAT MATTER
"COMPLETE HAPPINESS IS ALL THEY NEED AT THE END OF THE DAY"
HAPPILY AS CAN BE
PROUD THAT THEY HAVE A FATHER THAT THEY CAN SEE
BY THE FACES OF THE FAMILY YOU CAN SEE THEY ARE PROUD
THEY ARE LIKE PLANES JUST SITTING HIGH UP ON A CLOUD.
NO ONE KNOW IF THAT IS THERE FATHER OR A CLOSE FRIEND
BUT FROM THE LOOKS OF IT THEIR SMILES WILL NEVER END.
MAYBE THEY HAVE NO MOTHER AND THE YOUNG MAN IS FULFILLING THEIR LIVES.
AS LONG AS THEIR FACES ARE HAPPY WITHOUT CRIES
MAYBE THEIR MOTHER WAS GONE SO LONG THAT THEY CAN'T DISCOVER
MAYBE,THERES NO MAYBE, ALL THAT MATTERS IS THERE IS A MAN THERE ON A SILVER PLATTER
A CHANGE OF PLANS
THESE CHILDREN ARE HAPPY THATS ALL THAT MATTER
"COMPLETE HAPPINESS IS ALL THEY NEED AT THE END OF THE DAY"
Monday, January 26, 2009
NHD REFLECTION
The project type i did for NHD was exhibit and the individual in history we chose was Ruby Bridges,and i worked in a group with one other person.At first we didn't know what individual in history to choose from because their were so many great ones to choose from,then my partner said lets do ruby bridges and i didn't know who she was at the time.Ruby bridges was one of the people you really don't hear about and she was the first African American to integrate all-white schools.
It was difficult at times because we started working on our project late and i think we should of started earlier than what we did.plus, we had to do a lot of annotations but it was a lot easier working with a partner than by your self cause last year i did an exhibit by myself and you had a lot of qualifications to meet certain dates and it was very stressful.this year was a lot equal cause we spilt everything in half.for example 30 annotations was due and we did 15 a piece.
Our project didn't make it to city, but i think our project should of been one of the projects going to city because ours was one of the best.The people that did go to city some of them shouldn't because they had half finished projects and they were late.Also some of the projects that did go to city was great because some of the finalist did excellent jobs on them. CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL THE NHD FINALIST!!
It was difficult at times because we started working on our project late and i think we should of started earlier than what we did.plus, we had to do a lot of annotations but it was a lot easier working with a partner than by your self cause last year i did an exhibit by myself and you had a lot of qualifications to meet certain dates and it was very stressful.this year was a lot equal cause we spilt everything in half.for example 30 annotations was due and we did 15 a piece.
Our project didn't make it to city, but i think our project should of been one of the projects going to city because ours was one of the best.The people that did go to city some of them shouldn't because they had half finished projects and they were late.Also some of the projects that did go to city was great because some of the finalist did excellent jobs on them. CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL THE NHD FINALIST!!
Thursday, December 11, 2008
15 Annotations
1. Toonari. "Ruby Bridges." Africanaonline. 17 Oct 2008
.
This article is about ruby bridge being the first black child to enter an all-white school in the history of the American South. It was in 1960 that a federal court ordered the desegregation of schools in the south, and although Ruby Bridges' father thought she could get a perfectly good education at an all-black elementary school, Ruby Bridges' mother insisted that her daughter pave the way for other black children in the newly-integrated school system. Charles Burks, one of the U.S. Marshals who escorted Ruby Bridges and her mother into the school building, remembers the little girl who became a hero. "She showed a lot of courage. She never cried. She didn't whimper. She just marched along like a little soldier. And we're all very proud of her." The first year, all the parents of Frantz Elementary pulled their children out of school to protest the integration. Also Ruby Bridges spent her first year in a class of one. The teacher, a woman from Boston, was one of the few white instructors who was willing to teach a black child. She and Ruby Bridges showed up for school every single day that year, and they held class as if there were no angry mob outside, no conflict over a little girl attending first grade.
This article was helpful to my research because it help me get a better idea of who ruby bridges and summarizes up what she impact she had on history.
It was a secondary source because it was wrote from someone else that wasn't there at the time of the event.
The intended audience is everyone.
The background of the author is Toonari,who writes perspectives on African Americans in history.
2. Bridges, Ruby. Through My Eyes. Scholastic, 1999.
Ruby Bridges was born in Mississippi in 1954. At the age of six, she was among the first black child to go to a previously all-white school in New Orleans. She attended William Frantz Public School and was accompanied by her mother and armed U.S Federal Marshals. The Marshals were necessary because angry mobs formed outside Ruby's school, shouting protests like "Two, four, six, eight. We don't want to integrate!" Many white people were outraged at the school's integration, and most white families pulled their children out of the school. Even the State legislature called for white families to boycott mixed schools. For a year, Ruby was separated from the other children and was the only child in her class. With the help of a loving teacher, Ruby made it through a difficult year and paved the way for many African American children who followed in her footsteps in integrated schools. Today, Ruby Bridges still fights for equal education for all children through her lectures and the Ruby Bridges Foundation.
The book Through My Eyes was helpful to my research because it gave me the biography of Ruby Bridges. The book is a primary source. I know this because primary sources are original documents or evidence from a given historical period take many forms; photographs, drawings, letters, diaries, documents, books, and films. I think that the intended audience is everyone.This is a primary source because ruby bridges wrote this book herself.
3. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), "My History." African American World History. 1995 - 2008. 20 Oct 2008.
This website tells me a lot of things about Ruby Bridges like when she first attended an all-black school at Johnson Lockett Elementary School. Her segregated school was fairly far away from her house, but she had lots of company for the long walk. All the kids on her block went to Johnson Lockett. Also federal courts in New Orleans are about to force two white schools to admit black schools. The plan was to integrate only the first grade for that year. Then, every year after that, the incoming first grade would also be integrated. In the spring of her year at Johnson Lockett School the city school board began testing black kindergartens and they wanted to find out which children should be sent to the white schools. She took the test. She was only five, and I'm sure she didn't have any idea why she was taking it. I know she probably still remember getting dressed up and riding uptown on the bus with her mother, and sitting in an enormous room in the school board building along with about a hundred other black kids, all waiting to be tested. The test was very hard and the purpose for that was so it would be hard passing it because the school boars figured if all the black children failed that schools could be segregated a while longer. Later, Several people from the NAACP came to her house in the summer. They told her parents that she was one of just a few black children to pass the school board test, and that she had been chosen to attend one of the white schools, William Frantz Public School. They said it was a better school and closer to her home than the one she had been attending. They also pressured her parents by saying it would help her brothers, sisters, and other black children in the future by going to William Frantz Public School that was also closer to her home.
This website was helpful to my research because it gave quotes on how the children felt about her. It also helped me to understand how she felt because the other children were unable to play with her. This website was a secondary source. The audience is everyone.
4. McCluggage, Bruce . "Exploring Questions About God & Life." A Prayer for White Folks. Tuesday November 4 2008. 4 Nov 2008 .
One morning Mrs. Henry noticed Ruby walking toward the school as usual but then she stopped, turned toward the angry, howling crowd and seemed to even be trying to speak to them. The crowd seemed ready to pounce on her while the marshals tried in vain to keep Ruby moving. Finally, she stopped talking and walked into the school.
Mrs. Henry immediately asked Ruby what happened; why did she try and talk to such a belligerent crowd. Ruby irritatingly responded that she didn't stop to talk with them.
This website gave me a quote from Ruby Bridges. The quote was about how she would stop and pray for the angry crowd of people outside of her school every morning. This is a secondary source.
5. Civil Rights Leaders, "Resistance to the Movement." Ruby Bridges. 28 Oct 2008 .
Ruby Bridges played an important part in the Civil Rights Movement. Ruby was born September 8, 1954 in Tylertown, Mississippi. A year later, her family moved to New Orleans, Louisiana. At that time, people wanted to keep blacks and whites separate because whites didn’t think that blacks were as good as them. For example, blacks and whites had separate drinking fountains, blacks had to sit in the back of buses, and blacks and whites each had their own separate schools.
This website was helpful to my research because it explained how Ruby Bridges was important to history. It also gave a time line of her important events. This was a secondary source.
6. McCluggage, Bruce. "A PRAYER FOR WHITE FOLKS." everystudent. 20 Nov 2008 .
This article is basically about when ruby bridges was going home and the rowdy crowd was following her 2 blocks everyday from school when she was going home,and when she get two blocks away from school she would say this certain prayer.Ruby bridges quoted:
"Please God, try to forgive these people.
Because even if they say those bad things,
They don't know what they're doing.
So You could forgive them,
Just like You did those folks a long time ago
When they said terrible things about You."
This is primary source.I will use this to say exact quootes on what she would say to herself on the way home from school when people would throw things at her.
7. "Civil Rights Movement in the United States," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008
http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
This articles is about the civil rights movement.which a political and legal struggle that African Americans had to go through to gain full citzenship rights and to achieve racial equality.it was a challenge to segregation.Ruby Bridges contributed to the civil rights movement because she integrated schools by attended a all white school.
This article is secondary.I will use it in my project just to get a little more information on this particular situation.
8. Daisy Bates. The Long Shadow of Little Rock. New York: McKay, 1966. pp. 69-76.26 Nov 2008.
This excerpt is basically talking about the little rock nine,which is when the governor of little rock nine called the national Arkansas to prevent nine African American students from entering the building.Ten days later president Eisenhower agreed for the national guard s t protect the African American students and dismissed the troops leaving the students with the angry mob,who were being very disrespectful and ignorant.
This is a secondary source.I will use it in my project to describe similar occasions.
9. James H. Meredith, et al. v. Charles Dickson Fair, President of the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning 1961 Case No. 3130. 26 Nov 2008.
I got this information from the Nation Archives "A class action suit on behalf of James Meredith and all other Negro students similarly situated to enjoin the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning from limiting admission to the University of Mississippi to white persons. This case resulted in the admission of the first African-American student, James Meredith, to the University of Mississippi.
This is a secondary source.I will use this information on how james meridth was reject ed from college because of the color of his skin,just how ruby bridges was rejected.
10. Curtis, Christopher Paul. The Watson’s Go to Birmingham-1963. New York: Delacorte Press, 1995.28 Nov 2008
This book follows an African American family from Flint, Michigan to Birmingham, Alabama where their lives intertwine with the 1963 bombing of a church in which four young African American girls were killed. Humorous and sensitive with a somewhat mystical ending.
This is a secondary source.I will use this book in my project to summarize familiar situations as ruby bridges.
11. A Class of One.” Online Newshour, February 18,1997. pbs.org/newshour/bb/race_relations/jan-june97/bridges_2-18html 10 Dec 2008.
This transcript of an interview by Charlayne Hunter-Gault with Ruby Bridges Hall reveals things Ruby was feeling back in 1960 and during the years that followed. Copy of famous Norman Rockwell painting of Ruby is included.
This is a primary source.I will use this transcript in my project to write quotes on the whole situation on who she felt during all this chaos.
12. Forty years later, Ruby Bridges still fighting racism in schools” CNN.com. U.S. News, November 14, 2000. cnn.com/2000/US/11/14/ruby bridges.ap/ 10 Dec 2008.
Quotes and factual material bring us up-to-date on Ruby’s life, along with insights into her feelings regarding the past and present.
This is a secondary source. Im using this to show how ruby acomplish things in life from the past to the future through segregation.
13. Coles, Robert. The Story of Ruby Bridges. New York: Scholastic Press, 1995.10 Dec 2008
The author narrates the story of Ruby’s experiences beginning in Tylertown, Mississippi until her integration of Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans. Contains large colorful illustrations and vocabulary suitable for elementary grades.
This is a secondary source.I will probably use some of the images to post on my board,so that people will have a better visual of the situation.
14. Nelson, Cary. "About the 1963 Birmingham Bombing." Birmingham,Alabama, and Civil Rights Movemen in 1963. 2001. 10 Dec 2008 .
This is a article is about the 16 st baptist church getting burnt up by the ku klux klan,and the whole birmingham was segregated.so the leader in the civl rights movement stepped in to get their equal rights,which were MLK,Rosa parks,Ruby bridges,and etc.
This is a secondary source.i will use it to show how mississippi wasn't the only place segregated,and the outcome of segregation in birmingham,alabama.
15. Cozzens, Lisa. "Freedom Riders." Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965:Freedom Riders. 18 Aug 1999 . 10 Dec 2008
.
The first Freedom Ride took place on May 4, 1961 when seven blacks and six whites left Washington, D.C., on two public buses bound for the Deep South. They intended to test the Supreme Court's ruling in Boynton v. Virginia (1960), which declared segregation in interstate bus and rail stations unconstitutional.
This is a secondary source.I will use it to show how people of more than one racwe protested for whats right.
This article is about ruby bridge being the first black child to enter an all-white school in the history of the American South. It was in 1960 that a federal court ordered the desegregation of schools in the south, and although Ruby Bridges' father thought she could get a perfectly good education at an all-black elementary school, Ruby Bridges' mother insisted that her daughter pave the way for other black children in the newly-integrated school system. Charles Burks, one of the U.S. Marshals who escorted Ruby Bridges and her mother into the school building, remembers the little girl who became a hero. "She showed a lot of courage. She never cried. She didn't whimper. She just marched along like a little soldier. And we're all very proud of her." The first year, all the parents of Frantz Elementary pulled their children out of school to protest the integration. Also Ruby Bridges spent her first year in a class of one. The teacher, a woman from Boston, was one of the few white instructors who was willing to teach a black child. She and Ruby Bridges showed up for school every single day that year, and they held class as if there were no angry mob outside, no conflict over a little girl attending first grade.
This article was helpful to my research because it help me get a better idea of who ruby bridges and summarizes up what she impact she had on history.
It was a secondary source because it was wrote from someone else that wasn't there at the time of the event.
The intended audience is everyone.
The background of the author is Toonari,who writes perspectives on African Americans in history.
2. Bridges, Ruby. Through My Eyes. Scholastic, 1999.
Ruby Bridges was born in Mississippi in 1954. At the age of six, she was among the first black child to go to a previously all-white school in New Orleans. She attended William Frantz Public School and was accompanied by her mother and armed U.S Federal Marshals. The Marshals were necessary because angry mobs formed outside Ruby's school, shouting protests like "Two, four, six, eight. We don't want to integrate!" Many white people were outraged at the school's integration, and most white families pulled their children out of the school. Even the State legislature called for white families to boycott mixed schools. For a year, Ruby was separated from the other children and was the only child in her class. With the help of a loving teacher, Ruby made it through a difficult year and paved the way for many African American children who followed in her footsteps in integrated schools. Today, Ruby Bridges still fights for equal education for all children through her lectures and the Ruby Bridges Foundation.
The book Through My Eyes was helpful to my research because it gave me the biography of Ruby Bridges. The book is a primary source. I know this because primary sources are original documents or evidence from a given historical period take many forms; photographs, drawings, letters, diaries, documents, books, and films. I think that the intended audience is everyone.This is a primary source because ruby bridges wrote this book herself.
3. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), "My History." African American World History. 1995 - 2008. 20 Oct 2008.
This website tells me a lot of things about Ruby Bridges like when she first attended an all-black school at Johnson Lockett Elementary School. Her segregated school was fairly far away from her house, but she had lots of company for the long walk. All the kids on her block went to Johnson Lockett. Also federal courts in New Orleans are about to force two white schools to admit black schools. The plan was to integrate only the first grade for that year. Then, every year after that, the incoming first grade would also be integrated. In the spring of her year at Johnson Lockett School the city school board began testing black kindergartens and they wanted to find out which children should be sent to the white schools. She took the test. She was only five, and I'm sure she didn't have any idea why she was taking it. I know she probably still remember getting dressed up and riding uptown on the bus with her mother, and sitting in an enormous room in the school board building along with about a hundred other black kids, all waiting to be tested. The test was very hard and the purpose for that was so it would be hard passing it because the school boars figured if all the black children failed that schools could be segregated a while longer. Later, Several people from the NAACP came to her house in the summer. They told her parents that she was one of just a few black children to pass the school board test, and that she had been chosen to attend one of the white schools, William Frantz Public School. They said it was a better school and closer to her home than the one she had been attending. They also pressured her parents by saying it would help her brothers, sisters, and other black children in the future by going to William Frantz Public School that was also closer to her home.
This website was helpful to my research because it gave quotes on how the children felt about her. It also helped me to understand how she felt because the other children were unable to play with her. This website was a secondary source. The audience is everyone.
4. McCluggage, Bruce . "Exploring Questions About God & Life." A Prayer for White Folks. Tuesday November 4 2008. 4 Nov 2008 .
One morning Mrs. Henry noticed Ruby walking toward the school as usual but then she stopped, turned toward the angry, howling crowd and seemed to even be trying to speak to them. The crowd seemed ready to pounce on her while the marshals tried in vain to keep Ruby moving. Finally, she stopped talking and walked into the school.
Mrs. Henry immediately asked Ruby what happened; why did she try and talk to such a belligerent crowd. Ruby irritatingly responded that she didn't stop to talk with them.
This website gave me a quote from Ruby Bridges. The quote was about how she would stop and pray for the angry crowd of people outside of her school every morning. This is a secondary source.
5. Civil Rights Leaders, "Resistance to the Movement." Ruby Bridges. 28 Oct 2008 .
Ruby Bridges played an important part in the Civil Rights Movement. Ruby was born September 8, 1954 in Tylertown, Mississippi. A year later, her family moved to New Orleans, Louisiana. At that time, people wanted to keep blacks and whites separate because whites didn’t think that blacks were as good as them. For example, blacks and whites had separate drinking fountains, blacks had to sit in the back of buses, and blacks and whites each had their own separate schools.
This website was helpful to my research because it explained how Ruby Bridges was important to history. It also gave a time line of her important events. This was a secondary source.
6. McCluggage, Bruce. "A PRAYER FOR WHITE FOLKS." everystudent. 20 Nov 2008 .
This article is basically about when ruby bridges was going home and the rowdy crowd was following her 2 blocks everyday from school when she was going home,and when she get two blocks away from school she would say this certain prayer.Ruby bridges quoted:
"Please God, try to forgive these people.
Because even if they say those bad things,
They don't know what they're doing.
So You could forgive them,
Just like You did those folks a long time ago
When they said terrible things about You."
This is primary source.I will use this to say exact quootes on what she would say to herself on the way home from school when people would throw things at her.
7. "Civil Rights Movement in the United States," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008
http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
This articles is about the civil rights movement.which a political and legal struggle that African Americans had to go through to gain full citzenship rights and to achieve racial equality.it was a challenge to segregation.Ruby Bridges contributed to the civil rights movement because she integrated schools by attended a all white school.
This article is secondary.I will use it in my project just to get a little more information on this particular situation.
8. Daisy Bates. The Long Shadow of Little Rock. New York: McKay, 1966. pp. 69-76.26 Nov 2008.
This excerpt is basically talking about the little rock nine,which is when the governor of little rock nine called the national Arkansas to prevent nine African American students from entering the building.Ten days later president Eisenhower agreed for the national guard s t protect the African American students and dismissed the troops leaving the students with the angry mob,who were being very disrespectful and ignorant.
This is a secondary source.I will use it in my project to describe similar occasions.
9. James H. Meredith, et al. v. Charles Dickson Fair, President of the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning 1961 Case No. 3130. 26 Nov 2008.
I got this information from the Nation Archives "A class action suit on behalf of James Meredith and all other Negro students similarly situated to enjoin the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning from limiting admission to the University of Mississippi to white persons. This case resulted in the admission of the first African-American student, James Meredith, to the University of Mississippi.
This is a secondary source.I will use this information on how james meridth was reject ed from college because of the color of his skin,just how ruby bridges was rejected.
10. Curtis, Christopher Paul. The Watson’s Go to Birmingham-1963. New York: Delacorte Press, 1995.28 Nov 2008
This book follows an African American family from Flint, Michigan to Birmingham, Alabama where their lives intertwine with the 1963 bombing of a church in which four young African American girls were killed. Humorous and sensitive with a somewhat mystical ending.
This is a secondary source.I will use this book in my project to summarize familiar situations as ruby bridges.
11. A Class of One.” Online Newshour, February 18,1997. pbs.org/newshour/bb/race_relations/jan-june97/bridges_2-18html 10 Dec 2008.
This transcript of an interview by Charlayne Hunter-Gault with Ruby Bridges Hall reveals things Ruby was feeling back in 1960 and during the years that followed. Copy of famous Norman Rockwell painting of Ruby is included.
This is a primary source.I will use this transcript in my project to write quotes on the whole situation on who she felt during all this chaos.
12. Forty years later, Ruby Bridges still fighting racism in schools” CNN.com. U.S. News, November 14, 2000. cnn.com/2000/US/11/14/ruby bridges.ap/ 10 Dec 2008.
Quotes and factual material bring us up-to-date on Ruby’s life, along with insights into her feelings regarding the past and present.
This is a secondary source. Im using this to show how ruby acomplish things in life from the past to the future through segregation.
13. Coles, Robert. The Story of Ruby Bridges. New York: Scholastic Press, 1995.10 Dec 2008
The author narrates the story of Ruby’s experiences beginning in Tylertown, Mississippi until her integration of Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans. Contains large colorful illustrations and vocabulary suitable for elementary grades.
This is a secondary source.I will probably use some of the images to post on my board,so that people will have a better visual of the situation.
14. Nelson, Cary. "About the 1963 Birmingham Bombing." Birmingham,Alabama, and Civil Rights Movemen in 1963. 2001. 10 Dec 2008 .
This is a article is about the 16 st baptist church getting burnt up by the ku klux klan,and the whole birmingham was segregated.so the leader in the civl rights movement stepped in to get their equal rights,which were MLK,Rosa parks,Ruby bridges,and etc.
This is a secondary source.i will use it to show how mississippi wasn't the only place segregated,and the outcome of segregation in birmingham,alabama.
15. Cozzens, Lisa. "Freedom Riders." Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965:Freedom Riders. 18 Aug 1999 . 10 Dec 2008
.
The first Freedom Ride took place on May 4, 1961 when seven blacks and six whites left Washington, D.C., on two public buses bound for the Deep South. They intended to test the Supreme Court's ruling in Boynton v. Virginia (1960), which declared segregation in interstate bus and rail stations unconstitutional.
This is a secondary source.I will use it to show how people of more than one racwe protested for whats right.
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